Progress Check

Chapter 7

Introduction

Let’s assess your understanding of colorectal cancer. Answer the following Progress Check Questions.

The innermost layer of the intestinal wall is referred to as the:

A. mucosa

B. submucosa

C. muscular layer

D. serosa

Blood that drains from the intestines flows into the portal circulation, which carries blood to the:

A. inferior vena cava

B. right atrium of the heart

C. liver

D. kidneys

Colorectal cancer may develop from:

A. the expression of oncogenes.

B. the development of oncogenes from proto-oncogenes.

C. the inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes.

D. all of the above

Which of the following is NOT a molecular genetic pathway that can lead to CRC?

A. CgG island hypermethylation

B. mismatch repair stabilization

C. chromosomal instability

D. microsatellite instability

About 96% of colorectal cancers are:

A. sarcomas

B. adenocarcinomas

C. gastrointestinal stromal tumors

D. carcinoid tumors

All of the following are risk factors for CRC EXCEPT:

A. Smoking

B. Alcohol consumption

C. Diabetes

D. Dairy consumption

Which of the following is a stool-based diagnostic test for CRC that requires dietary restrictions?

A. The guaiac-based fecal occult blood test

B. Fecal immunochemical tests

C. DNA-based stool tests

D. Sigmoidoscopy

This abnormality may be important for the selection of patients for immunotherapy.

A. EGFR overexpression

B. KRAS mutations

C. BRAF V600E mutations

D. dMMR

(True/False) A patient with a T3 N1 M0 CRC tumor would be considered to have Stage IV CRC

A. True

B. False

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